Mini gastric bypass, or gastric bypass with single anastomosis, is an effective and well-established procedure that combines some features of a gastric tube bypass and a standard gastric bypass.
What is a Mini Gastric Bypass?
Mini gastric bypass or single anastomosis gastric bypass is an effective and well-established procedure that combines some features of a tube stomach and a standard gastric bypass. The upper part of the stomach is divided into a tube, similar to the upper three-quarters of a sleeve, and then joined into an intestinal loop.
Mini-gastric bypass can be used as the primary weight loss procedure. It can also be used in patients who have previously had gastric band or tube surgery, but have failed to lose weight or have decided to have revision surgery with tape-related complications.
How Does a Mini Gastric Bypass Help You Lose Weight?
• By reducing the feeling of hunger through brain signaling through the changing gut
• Providing an earlier feeling of satiety and fullness when eating a meal, resulting in a healthy portion size
• By reducing the amount of calories you get from your food by skipping 150 to 200 cm of the upper part of the small intestine
How is a Mini Gastric Bypass Performed?
The mini gastric bypass operation is performed laparoscopically (keyhole surgery) under general anesthesia. Five small incisions (5 to 12 mm long) are made for the insertion of keyhole surgical instruments. Using these tools, the upper part of the stomach is stapled to form a thin tube (30ml to 50ml in size). The thin tube becomes a new, smaller stomach and is completely separated from the rest of the stomach. This stomach is then sewn into a ring of the small intestine, bypassing the first part of the intestine called the duodenum and about 150-200 cm of the intestine. The upper part of the small intestine and the rest of the stomach remain in the body. But it is no longer used for food digestion. In skilled hands, the operation takes about 60 minutes to perform.
What Are the Long-Term Effects of a Mini Gastric Bypass?
As with all medical procedures, results and experiences may vary from person to person. The long-term effects of any stomach surgery depend on the patient making the necessary changes to his lifestyle, especially with regard to diet and exercise.
Two years after surgery, weight loss is 75-85% of excess body weight; five years after surgery, excess weight loss is 70-75%.
Many diseases associated with excess weight, such as sleep apnea, type 2 diabetes, joint diseases, high blood pressure, or polycystic syndrome (PCOS), improve or disappear as a result of surgery.
What are the Advantages of Mini Gastric Bypass?
Mini gastric bypass surgery is an alternative to gastric bypass surgery. Recently, this method of treatment, which is more preferred by patients, is performed more simply and in a short time. Its risks and complications are less compared to other obesity surgeries. This operation both restricts eating and reduces absorption.
The advantages of mini gastric bypass surgery, which is one of the surgeries that cause malabsorption in metabolism and obesity surgery, abound.
Mini gastric bypass surgery, which has a greater weight loss effect compared to a tube stomach, also shows more rescuing properties compared to a tube stomach in the treatment of diseases associated with weight loss.
Although the operation process and its aftermath are risky and difficult, it is a great advantage to have a reversible treatment. It prevents other types of surgery by both malabsorption and restriction of eating. It is simpler compared to gastric bypass surgery and other types of surgery.
Although the hospital stay is longer, a healthier postoperative process is performed with the close follow-up of doctors. It takes less time than gastric bypass surgery, has fewer risks and complications.
Thanks to the reduction of the volume of the stomach, the portions of food of patients also become smaller. Even if the amount of food eaten increases, reducing the volume of the stomach prevents weight gain. In mini gastric bypass surgery, a stronger volume restriction is performed compared to other treatment methods, which leads to a greater amount of weight gain.
Not being able to pass all of the food from the beginning of the small intestine allows the food to be absorbed so that the excess calories taken are discarded without being absorbed. This absorption-limiting effect ensures that the amount of weight loss is high and that this resulting weight loss is maintained for a long period of time.
In mini gastric bypass surgery, because most of the stomach is passively standing inside, non-renewable foods do not pass to this part. Thanks to this, the stomach is also not stimulated by food and gradually loses its effectiveness. As a result of loss, the secretion of the hunger hormone decreases, allowing you to achieve a feeling of satiety early. In addition, with the prolongation of the feeling of satiety, weight gain is also stopped because the patients are not hungry.
What are the Risks of Mini Gastric Bypass Surgery?
As with all incision surgery, there are a number of risks associated with mini gastric bypass surgery. At the very beginning of them it is possible to say that it is difficult to repeat this operation. Interventions that can be performed in a situation such as weight gain again will be limited. There is no chance to check the stomach tissue that has been closed and left by endoscopy, so there is no chance to see any problems that may occur inside, to interfere with the bile and pancreatic ducts.
It can cause longer-term, perhaps lifelong vitamin and mineral deficiencies in patients. This condition may also require lifelong supplementation and regular follow-up, tests and examinations.
In a situation such as the escape of bile secreted in the liver to the stomach, the stomach, the structure of which changes, is destroyed quickly. The occurrence of gastric reflux after such bile decays is among the risks of gastric bypass surgery. For this reason, this surgery is not applied to patients with reflux.
If the patient does not follow the recommendations and nutrition programs given by the doctor after the operation, excessive weight gain and loss may occur. This uncontrolled excess weight gain and its yield can lead to the appearance of other diseases due to the damage it will do to the body.
Because of the liquid diet, which is the first stage after surgery, some periods of discomfort such as diarrhea may occur.
Many other abdominal surgeries which can be seen in bleeding, infection, post-operative intestinal obstruction, hernia, complications of surgery and general anesthesia are among the risks that can be seen in mini gastric bypass.
The most serious among the risks dec dec leakage and leakage that can occur in the connection between the stomach and the small intestine. As a result, the need for a second operation is a big risk for the patient due to the fact that a condition such as a second intervention after a mini gastric bypass is unlikely. The formation of blood clots and cardiac problems can be observed in the feet and lungs.
Changes in bowel habits may occur because the diet before surgery has been switched to a completely separate diet and smaller proportions of food have been eaten. The need for a toilet can decrease and increase compared to normal.
About 10-15% of patients who have undergone this surgery experience some of these complications and risks. Frequent complications are acceptable and treatment options are available, but it is impossible to say the same about rare complications.
What Is the Healing Process Like After a Mini Gastric Bypass?
In mini gastric bypass surgery, a completely closed method creates a new and different path between the stomach and the small intestine outside the normal path, allowing you to lose weight quickly, effectively and decently. Thus, both the volume of the stomach decreases, and part of the small intestine does not perform its absorption function.
After a mini-gastric bypass, the patient is taken to the sobering room, he experiences drowsiness and drowsiness for a while due to the effect of anesthesia. In this sobering room, a number of patient’s values (such as breathing, blood pressure) are monitored and pain controls are performed. After surgery, a drain is usually inserted into the patient to prevent fluid accumulation in the abdomen, and after 2 or 3 days this drain is removed.
Approximately 4 – 6 hours after the operation, the patient can get up and start walking slowly, accompanied by assistance. 3. After surgery the day is discharged when the patient begins to be self-sufficient.
It is very important to eat right during the recovery process, so patients must adhere to the nutrition program prescribed by doctors. Because fluid will be fed as the first stage, it is possible that a condition called dumping syndrome will be seen in patients. This condition can cause diarrhea, exhaustion, and lightheadedness. It is possible to get rid of this syndrome by fully observing the nutrition program. Constipation is also likely to occur because bowel habits will change.
In order to prevent pain and nausea that may occur after surgery, drug therapy is performed. It is important for the patient to drink the medications recommended by the doctor in full and exactly as prescribed in this process so that this process can be completed more easily and quickly.
Since the patient’s eating capacity will decrease after surgery, weight will be lost quickly. After a while, if regular exercise is not performed, it will lead to burning muscle reserves and consuming muscles that were not used before the stored fats. Regular exercise on a daily basis is therefore important for the recovery process after a mini gastric bypass. performing 20 minutes of aerobic exercise removes metabolism from muscle reserves and muscle fat burning instead. Walking is also among the recommended exercises for muscle which contributes to the healing process by increasing it gradually, helps you to regain your former health by providing fat burning instead of muscle.